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Philosophy
Philosophy is the discipline concerned with questions of how one should live
(ethics); what sorts of things exist and what are their essential natures
(metaphysics); what counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what are the
correct principles of reasoning (logic). The word itself is of Greek origin (philosophía),
a compound of(phílos: friend, or lover) and (sophía: wisdom)
Though no single definition of philosophy is uncontroversial, and the field has
historically expanded and changed depending upon what kinds of questions were
interesting or relevant in a given era, it is generally agreed that philosophy
is a method, rather than a set of claims, propositions, or theories. Its
investigations are based upon reason, striving to make no unexamined assumptions
and no leaps based on faith or pure analogy. Different philosophers have had
varied ideas about the nature of reason, and there is also disagreement about
the subject matter of philosophy. Some think that philosophy examines the
process of inquiry itself. Others, that there are essentially philosophical
propositions which it is the task of philosophy to prove. Although the word
"philosophy" originates in the Western tradition, many figures in the history of
other cultures have addressed similar topics in similar ways. The philosophers
of the Far East are discussed in Eastern philosophy, while the philosophers of
North Africa and the Near East, because of their strong interactions with
Europe, are usually considered part of Western Philosophy.
1 Western philosophy, Greco-Roman philosophy, Medieval philosophy,Early modern
philosophy, Later modern philosophy Contemporary philosophy.2 Philosophical
doctrines, Realism and nominalism, Rationalism and mpiricism, Skepticism,
Idealism, Pragmatism, Phenomenology, Existentialism, The analytic tradition
Ethics and political philosophy in the West, Human nature and political
legitimacy, Consequentialism, deontology, and the aretaic turn, Applied
philosophy, Eastern philosophy, Indian philosophy, Persian philosophy, Chinese
philosophy, In the field of philosophy of education, progressive education as
championed by John Dewey has had a profound impact on educational practices in
the United States in the 20th century. Descendants of this movement include the
current efforts in philosophy for children. Carl von Clausewitz's political
philosophy of war has had a profound effect on statecraft, international
politics, and military strategy in the 20th century, especially in the years
around World War II. Logic has become crucially important in mathematics,
linguistics, psychology, computer science, and computer engineering. Learn
Philosophy, SCHOOLS Philosophy, COLLEGES Philosophy, INSTITUTES Philosophy
Coaching Philosophy, Masters Philosophy, Doctorate Philosophy, Postgraduate
Philosophy, Useful Philosophy, University Philosophy, Scholarships Philosophy,
Programme Philosophy, PhD Philosophy, Jobs Philosophy, Work Philosophy, Careers
Philosophy, Information Philosophy, Information Philosophy, Courses Philosophy,
Guidance Philosophy, Graduate Philosophy, Higher Studies in Philosophy. |
